1. catch up [赶上；追上]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + up[向上]
例句：You should study hard to catch up with others. [你应该努力学习赶上别人。]

2. catch on [理解；明白；变得流行]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + on[在...之上]
例句：The new song is catching on quickly. [这首新歌很快流行起来。]

3. catch off guard [使措手不及；趁其不备]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + off[离开；脱落] + guard[警卫；防备]
例句：The sudden question caught him off guard. [这个突然的问题让他措手不及。]

4. catch one's breath [喘口气；歇口气]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + one's[某人的] + breath[呼吸]
例句：After running, I needed to catch my breath. [跑完后，我需要喘口气。]

5. catch sight of [看见；瞥见]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + sight[视力；景象] + of[关于]
例句：I caught sight of an old friend in the street. [我在街上瞥见了一位老朋友。]

6. catch fire [着火]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + fire[火]
例句：The house caught fire last night. [昨晚这房子着火了。]

7. catch the bus [赶上公交车]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + the[定冠词] + bus[公交车]
例句：I ran fast to catch the bus. [我快跑赶上了公交车。]

8. catch hold of [抓住；握住]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + hold[握住；持有] + of[关于]
例句：He caught hold of the rope. [他抓住了绳子。]

9. catch at [试图抓住；抓住（机会等）]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + at[在]
例句：She caught at the branch but missed. [她试图抓住树枝，但没抓住。]

10. be caught in [陷入；遇到（雨、雪等）]
[构成]:be[是] + caught[抓住；赶上] + in[在...里面]
例句：They were caught in the rain. [他们遇到了雨。]

11. catch up with [赶上；追上；和...算旧账]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + up[向上] + with[和...一起]
例句：I'll catch up with you later. [我稍后会赶上你。]

12. catch in the act [当场抓住]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + in[在...里面] + the[定冠词] + act[行为；行动]
例句：The thief was caught in the act. [小偷被当场抓住。]

13. catch a cold [感冒]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + a[一个] + cold[感冒]
例句：I caught a cold yesterday. [我昨天感冒了。]

14. catch one's eye [引起某人的注意]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + one's[某人的] + eye[眼睛]
例句：The colorful dress caught her eye. [那件色彩鲜艳的连衣裙引起了她的注意。]

15. catch fish [捕鱼；抓鱼]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + fish[鱼]
例句：They often go to the river to catch fish. [他们经常去河边捕鱼。]

16. catch the thief [抓住小偷]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + the[定冠词] + thief[小偷]
例句：The police caught the thief at last. [警察最终抓住了小偷。]

17. catch someone red-handed [当场抓住某人正在做坏事]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + someone[某人] + red-handed[正在作案的]
例句：The police caught him red-handed stealing. [警察当场抓住他正在偷东西。]

18. catch up in [卷入；陷入]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + up[向上] + in[在...里面]
例句：Don't catch up in their quarrel. [别卷入他们的争吵。]

19. catch a glimpse of [瞥见；看一眼]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + a[一个] + glimpse[一瞥；一看] + of[关于]
例句：I caught a glimpse of her as she passed by. [她经过时我瞥了她一眼。]

20. catch the train [赶上火车]
[构成]:catch[抓住；赶上] + the[定冠词] + train[火车]
例句：We have to hurry to catch the train. [我们得赶紧去赶火车。]